Heart Failure Association of the ESC (HFA). Certification Exam

Heart Failure Association of the ESC . (HFA) Cardiologists pursuing HFA certification must already grasp echocardiography fundamentals, including chamber quantification and diastolic function assessment. Solid grounding in pharmacotherapy—ACE inhibitors, beta-blockers, SGLT2 inhibitors—is assumed. The exam presumes comfort reading hemodynamic tracings and interpreting biomarkers like BNP. Clinical experience managing acute and chronic HF cases strengthens performance, though self-study from guidelines can bridge modest gaps.